<Tarihe Bakış: Cuntalardan özerk bir yapılanmaya/title>
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<IMG style="WIDTH: 120px; HEIGHT: 100px" height=90alt="ÖZEL HABERLER" src=" https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2G7PNItls3GYHxRGgX7wwxYca24Oy1b47fOPPyZv8974QR1bO0aDe_bLVQevnsRvILlGqq9L_1mRJ9SH6QhqKiMjyia_AVTevZf23BpFX4cpm3ouSoz9R2VEeNnNDmjLqRrvV4JNrhBU/s320/r_x9hk1d1gonwrkivlmbe3.jpg " width=278 border=0></P></A></P></A <b><a href=' http://tarihebakis.blogspot.com/2009/01/byk-vatan-dostu-vahdettin.html' >36 Osmanlı padişahı ve belki bütün insanoğlu kadrosu içinde en talihsizi olarak, hakikatte ile büyük bir hükümdar, millet dostu ve insan olduğunu ispat eder.
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<Blolo<h2 class="date-header"><$Bl25 Kasım 2009 Çarşamba>
</Bl
<!-- Begin .post -->
<div class="post"><a name="<$Bl956157803984892569
<FONT face=Arial color=#000000size=2> <Blo <FONT face=Arial color=#0E63B3 size=5> <tr>
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<h3 class="post-title">
<Blo<$BlCuntalardan özerk bir yapılanmaya<Blo </h3>
</Bl </td></table>
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<FONT face=Arial color=#000000 size=2> <$Bl<div style="clear:both;"></div><h1><strong><font size="2">Yorum - Ümit Kardaş</font></strong> </h1> <div id="haberMetni"> <div></div> <p><font size="2">Batı Avrupa'da hak ve özgürlüklerin tanınması ve demokrasinin gelişimi açısından feodalite, aristokrasi ve burjuvazinin varlığı önemli olmuş, gelişmeler söz konusu sınıflar aracılığıyla yürütülmüş, dolayısıyla orduya subay verecek sosyal sınıflar her zaman var olmuştur. 19. yüzyılda bile aristokrasi özellikle İngiltere ve Prusya'da orduya subay vermekteydi (Niyazi Berkes-Türkiye'de Çağdaşlaşma).</font></p> <div><font size="2"></font></div><font size="2">Osmanlı tarihinde ise bu anlamda bir sosyal sınıf bulunmamaktaydı. Bu durum İngiltere'de kralın baronların baskısıyla vergi koyma yetkisine sınırlar getiren, kişilerin can ve mal güvenliğine ilişkin güvenceler sağlayan 1215 tarihli Magna Carta Libertatum karşısında Osmanlı'yı geriye düşürüyordu. Osmanlı rejiminde padişahın iradesini sınırlayacak, hak ve özgürlükler konusunda açılımlara neden olabilecek baskıyı sağlayacak ve iç dinamizmi harekete geçirecek bir sosyal sınıf bulunmamaktaydı. Bu nedenle Osmanlı'da anayasacılık hareketleri de kendisine bağlı ülkelerden daha sonra başlayabilmiştir. Kamu hukuku alanındaki gelişmeler daha çok dış dinamiğin gayrimüslim tebaa üzerinden merkeze yaptığı baskılarla sağlanabilmiştir. Bu nedenle yapılan değişiklikler ne merkez ne de halk tarafından içselleştirilmiştir. Bu duruma paralel olarak Osmanlı'da subay yetiştirilecek tek kaynak olarak halk bulunmaktadır. Ancak merkez, halka güvenmeyerek subayları kullardan ve kölelerden devşirmiş, halk da askerliğe karşı olumsuz bir tavır sergilemiştir. Kölelerden subay yetiştirme usulüne seçenek olarak 1834 yılında Mekteb-i Ulum-u Harbiye kurulmuş, bu okul ancak Tanzimat döneminde yerleşik modern bir askerî eğitim kurumuna dönüşmüştür. II. Abdülhamit döneminde de askerî eğitim alanında önemli reformlar yapılmıştır.<a href="http://www.haberonay.com/sayfa/5-cuntalardan-ozerk-bir-yapilanmaya.html">Devamı>>></a></font></div> <div style="clear:both; padding-bottom:0.25em"></div>
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<em>posted by <$BlHaber Onay<a href="<$Blhttp://tarihebakis.blogspot.com/2009/11/cuntalardan-ozerk-bir-yaplanmaya.htmltle="permanent link"><$Bl03:50</em>
<MaiBl<span class="item-control blog-admin pid-2036516980"><a style="border:none;" href="https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=3432535620389056698&postID=956157803984892569&from=pencil" title="Kaydı Düzenle"><img class="icon-action" alt="" src="https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" height="18" width="18"></a></span> </p>
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